安科瑞 于洋
摘要：溫度是表征電力一次設備運行正常的一個重要參數。隨著用電量的急劇增長，為了滿足用電需求，變電站的開關柜等高低壓設備長期運行在線狀態，過負荷運行會導致一次設備的發熱及過熱，這一現象在負荷增長較快的地區顯得尤為普遍。這些情況如不及時得到監控，及時處理，都將發生不可預測的大事故。通過對開關柜溫度的實時監測，即可知道開關柜運行工況，通過電網信息資源整合，就可為狀態檢修提供強有力的依據因此，進行安全溫度監測及智能化控制是非常有必要的。
Abstract: temperature is an important parameter to characterize the normal operation of power primary equipment. With the rapid growth of power consumption, in order to meet the power demand, high and low voltage equipment such as switchgear in substation operate online for a long time. Overload operation will lead to heating and overheating of primary equipment. This phenomenon is particularly common in areas with rapid load growth. If these situations are not monitored and handled in time, unpredictable accidents will occur. Through the real-time monitoring of the switch cabinet temperature, we can know the operating conditions of the switch cabinet. Through the integration of power grid information resources, we can provide a strong basis for condition based maintenance. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out safe temperature monitoring and intelligent control.
關鍵詞：電氣接點、配電室、無線測溫
Key words: electrical contact, distribution room, wireless temperature measurement
1、概述
變電站母線、電纜、斷路器等運行設備由于長期工作在高電壓、大電流環境條件下，對各設備溫度的監測維護是保證電網可靠工作必不可少的環節。尤其是高壓開關柜、組合電器等封閉式運行設備，自身散熱條件較差，而且依靠人工定期測溫的方法很難完成對柜內設備溫度的直接測量和在線監測。由于缺乏行之有效的設備溫度在線監測預警系統，近年來關于變電站內設備運行溫度過高造成的火災事故時有報道，嚴重影響電網供電可靠性，同時也給電力企業造成了較大的經濟損失甚至是人身傷亡。
中航光電科技股份有限公司是中國航空工業集團公司控股的股份制企業，在航空、航天、艦船、兵器、鐵路、電子、通訊、電力、電源等軍用、民用領域得到廣泛應用，確保了國家眾多項目的順利完成。穩定、可靠的電力系統，是企業發展的重要保障， 因此，采用合理且數據可靠的溫度檢測技術對互感器、母線、電纜及動作開關觸頭等易發熱部位進行溫度實時在線監控，及時發現設備運行溫度異常隱患并實現異常告警，對于保證變電站設備可靠運行具有十分重要的意義。
1. Overview
due to the long-term operation of substation buses, cables, circuit breakers and other operating equipment under high voltage and high current environment, the monitoring and maintenance of the temperature of each equipment is an essential link to ensure the reliable operation of the power grid. In particular, closed operating equipment such as high-voltage switchgear and combined electrical appliances have poor heat dissipation conditions, and it is difficult to complete direct measurement and on-line monitoring of equipment temperature in the cabinet by relying on manual periodic temperature measurement. Due to the lack of effective equipment temperature on-line monitoring and early warning system, fire accidents caused by excessive equipment operating temperature in substation have been reported in recent years, which not only seriously affects the power supply reliability of power grid, but also causes great economic losses and even personal casualties to power enterprises.
AVIC Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. is a joint-stock enterprise controlled by China Aviation Industry Corporation. It has been widely used in military and civil fields such as aviation, aerospace, ships, weapons, railways, electronics, communications, electric power and power supply, ensuring the smooth completion of many national projects. A stable and reliable power system is an important guarantee for the development of enterprises. Therefore, a reasonable and reliable temperature detection technology is adopted to conduct real-time online temperature monitoring on the easily heated parts such as transformer, bus, cable and action switch contact, so as to timely find the hidden danger of abnormal equipment operating temperature and realize abnormal alarm, It is of great significance to ensure the reliable operation of substation equipment.
2、產品需求及配置
該項目針對技術產業基地 A7、A8 樓配電室內的進線柜、饋電柜等87面低壓柜進行安全溫度監測，需配無線測溫產品。具體要求如下：
1）供電方式：感應取電；
2）測溫范圍：-50℃~+125℃；
3）每七面低壓柜電氣接點溫度10寸觸摸屏就地集中顯示；
4）低壓饋電柜各支路3點測溫；
5）使用壽命不小于10年，測量精度為±1℃；
3、產品方案明細
4、現場安裝
5、測溫方案
5.1高低壓柜內電氣接點無線測溫（集中就地顯示）
5.2 溫度顯示
觸摸屏上電進入工作狀態后，默認即為“實時溫度”界面，再此界面可觀察到各節點采集的溫度值。
5.3 定值設置
用戶“登錄”后，可通過“參數設置”菜單設置無線溫度傳感器組的高溫告警值和名稱；當測得溫度值超出設定值時，觸摸屏顯示告警并觸發蜂鳴器。
5.4報警信息
可查看“當前報警”和“歷史報警”事件。有報警時，“當前報警”顯示出報警提示，并觸發蜂鳴器，此時確認報警，蜂鳴器停止鳴叫，同時報警提示的字體變為藍色，當報警故障解除后，報警提示消失。
6、相關產品
目前無線溫度傳感器有四款：（a.電池供電 b.感應取電）
7、結束語
無線測溫系統與其他測溫方法相比，具有無需布線、測溫元件安裝方便、幾乎任何關鍵點都可以使 用、信息準確及時、報警系統良好等優點。該系統可實現電力系統中關鍵部位溫度的在線監測，輔助運行人員及時發現設備異常，可為狀態檢修提供依據， 改變了電力系統的檢修模式，使運行人員及時掌握設備運行情況，可在一定程度上提高供電系統的可靠性。