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12crni3A圓棒-12crni3圓鋼//12crni3A圓鋼-12crni3圓棒
12CrNi3A鋼是中淬透性合金滲碳鋼。該鋼淬火,低溫回火或高溫回火后都具有良好的綜合力學性能,鋼的低溫韌性好,切削加工性能良好,當硬度為260-320HBS時,相對切削加工性為60%-70%。另外,鋼退火后硬度低,塑性好,因此,既可以采用切削加工方法,也可以采用冷擠壓成型方法制造模具。模具成型后需要進行滲碳處理,然后再進行淬火和低溫回火,從而保證模具表面具有高硬度,高耐磨性而心部具有很好的韌性。但該鋼有回火脆性傾向和形成白點的傾向,在冶金生產和熱處理工程過程中必須注意。
12CrNi3A鋼熱處理特點 (1) 鍛造工藝:鍛造加熱溫度為1200℃,始鍛溫度1150℃,終鍛溫度大于850℃,鍛后緩冷,鍛后必須軟化退火。 (2) 退火工藝:670-680℃加熱,保溫4-6h后以5-10℃/h的速度緩冷至600℃,再爐冷至室溫,退火后的硬度<160HBS,適于冷擠壓成形。 (3) 正火工藝:880-940℃加熱并保溫3-4h后空冷,正火后硬度≤229HBS,切削加工性良好。 (4) 滲碳及淬火工藝:12CrNi3鋼材采用氣體滲碳工藝時,加熱溫度為900-920℃,保溫6-7h,可獲得0.9-1.0mm的滲碳層,滲碳后預冷至800-850℃后直接油淬或空冷,淬火后表層硬度可達56-62HRC,心部硬度為250-380HBS,變形微小。 采用滲碳鋼制作的模具經表面滲碳后,使表面具備高耐磨性而心部保持高強韌性,不會發生早期磨損和脆斷失效。其不足之處就是熱處理工藝較復雜。
12CrNi3A steel is a medium - quenched alloy carburizing steel. The steel has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low temperature toughness, good cutting performance, when the hardness is 260-320HBS, and the relative machinability is 60%-70%. In addition, the hardness of the steel after annealing is low, the plastic is good, therefore, it can be used in cutting process method, also can use cold extrusion molding method to manufacture the mold. The mold is formed after the need for carburizing treatment, and then the quenching and low temperature tempering, so as to ensure that the mold surface with high hardness, high wear resistance and the heart has a very good toughness. But the steel temper brittleness tendency and the formation of white spots, we must pay attention to in the engineering process and heat treatment in metallurgical production.
The characteristics of heat treatment of 12CrNi3A steel (1) forging process: forging heating temperature is 1200, the starting temperature is 1150, and the final forging temperature is more than 850. (2) annealing process: 670-680, 5-10, 4-6h, /h,, the speed of slow cooling to 600, then the furnace cold to room temperature, after annealing the hardness of less than 160HBS, suitable for cold extrusion forming. (3) normalizing process: air cooled 880-940 C 3-4h after heating and heat insulation, normalizing the hardness more than 229HBS, good machinability. (4) carburizing and quenching process: 12CrNi3 steel using gas carburizing process, heating temperature is 900-920, 0.9-1.0mm, 6-7h, can be obtained from the carburizing layer, after the pre cooling to 800-850 after the pre cooling, the surface hardness can reach 56-62HRC, the hardness is 250-380HBS, the deformation is small. By the surface carburizing, the surface of the mould made of carbon steel is highly resistant to wear, and the core of the mould is high and wear resistance. The deficiency is that the heat treatment process is more complex.
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