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注塑工藝各工序的溫度控制

1.料筒溫度：

熔料溫度是很重要的，所用的射料缸溫度只是指導(dǎo)性。熔膠溫度可在射嘴處量度或使用空氣噴射法來量度。射料缸的溫度設(shè)定取決于熔膠溫度、螺桿轉(zhuǎn)速、背壓、射料量和注塑件周期。您如果沒有加工某一特定級別塑料的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，請從最低的設(shè)定開始。

為了便于控制，射料缸分了區(qū)，但不是所有都設(shè)定為相同溫度。如果運(yùn)作時間長或在高溫下操作，請將第一區(qū)的溫度設(shè)定為較低的數(shù)值，這將防止塑料過早熔化和分流。注塑件開始前，確保液壓油、料斗封閉器、模具和射料缸都處于正確溫度下。

2.熔料溫度：

熔體溫度對熔體的流動性能起主要作用，由于塑膠沒有具體的熔點(diǎn)，所謂熔點(diǎn)是一個熔融狀態(tài)下的溫度段，塑膠分子鏈的結(jié)構(gòu)與組成不同，因而對其流動性的影響也不同，剛性分子鏈?zhǔn)軠囟扔绊戄^明顯，如PC、PPS等，而柔性分子鏈如：PA、PP、PE等流動性通過改變溫度并不明顯，所以應(yīng)根據(jù)不同的材料來調(diào)校合理的注塑件溫度。

3.模具溫度：

有些塑膠料由于結(jié)晶化溫度高，結(jié)晶速度慢，需要較高模溫，有些由于控制尺寸和變形，或者脫模的需要，要較高的溫度或較低溫度，如PC一般要求60度以上，而PPS為了達(dá)到較好的外觀和改善流動性，模溫有時需要160度以上，因而模具溫度對改善產(chǎn)品的外觀、變形、尺寸，膠模方面有不可抵估的作用。

4.注射壓力：

熔體克服前進(jìn)所需的阻力，直接影響產(chǎn)品的尺寸，重量和變形等，不同的塑膠產(chǎn)品所需注射壓力不同，對于像PA、PP等材料，增加壓力會使其流動性顯著改善，注射壓力大小決定產(chǎn)品的密度，即外觀光澤性。它沒有固定的數(shù)值，而模具填充越困難，注塑件壓力也增大。

部分型號部分物性表

LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /FH 20/ of Italy
Use: film grade
Characteristic note: good drop hammer
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 1.1 g/10min density: 0.922 g/cm3, tensile strength: 20 MPa, elongation at break: 550% VEKA softening point: 93.9 C embrittlement temperature: -75 C.
Manufacturer: Italy Eni
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /2102TX00/ SABIC of Saudi Arabia
Use: film grade
Feature remark: high pressure drop, high output. Product trademark: SABIC
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 1.9 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 notch impact strength: 20 tensile strength: 17 MPa breaking elongation: 500%
Manufacturer: Saudi Basic Industry Company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /2200TC12/ SABIC of Saudi Arabia
Purpose: film grade
Feature remark: good optical performance. Product trademark: SABIC
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.3 g/10min density: 0.922 g/cm3 notch impact strength: 30 tensile strength: 22 MPa breaking elongation: 500%
Manufacturer: Saudi Basic Industry Company
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE # /NA205000/ Leander Basil)
Use: other
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 16 g/10min density: 0.918 g/cm3, tensile strength: 10.3 MPa, elongation at break: 640% flexural strength: 212 MPa hardness: 56 VEKA softening point: 85 degrees.
Manufacturer: Liane Basel Industrial Corporation
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE # /NA951080/ Leander Basil)
Use: other
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2.2 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3, tensile strength: 10.3 MPa, elongation at break: 600% VEKA softening point: 90 C embrittlement temperature: -76 C.
Manufacturer: Liane Basel Industrial Corporation
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /ESD C 700 A/ RTP
Use: other
Characteristic notes: electrical properties
Important parameters: density: 1.04 g/cm3 molding shrinkage: 2.5% tensile strength: 10.3 MPa bending strength: 13.8 MPa flexural modulus: 345 MPa
Manufacturer: RTP company, USA
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /665-2 BL/ Comai in Columbia
Use: other
Feature remark: additive: titanium dioxide 70%
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 50 g/10min
Manufacturer: Columbia Comai company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /665-2 BP/ Comai in Columbia
Use: other
Feature remark: additive: titanium dioxide 70%
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 6 g/10min
Manufacturer: Columbia Comai company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /JM314A/ Japan Marine
Use: other
Characteristic notes: low density
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 1.5 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3, tensile strength: 16 MPa, elongation at break: 620% flexural strength: 170 MPa hardness: 52 VEKA softening point: 95 C embrittlement temperature: -70 C
Manufacturer: Japan Offshore Oil Resources Development Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /JM906A/ Japan Marine
Use: other
Feature notes: low density, general purpose
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 21 g/10min density: 0.917 g/cm3, tensile strength: 9.8 MPa, elongation at break: 120% flexural strength: 93 MPa hardness: 47 VEKA softening point: 85 C embrittlement temperature: -70 C
Manufacturer: Japan Offshore Oil Resources Development Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /JMA01N/ Japan Marine
Use: other
Feature notes: low density, general purpose
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 45 g/10min density: 0.915 g/cm3, tensile strength: 9.8 MPa, elongation at break: 130% flexural strength: 88 MPa hardness: 45 VEKA softening point: 79 C embrittlement temperature: -70 C
Manufacturer: Japan Offshore Oil Resources Development Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /JMA07A/ Japan Marine
Use: other
Feature notes: low density, general purpose
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 50 g/10min density: 0.916 g/cm3, tensile strength: 9.8 MPa, elongation at break: 150% flexural strength: 88 MPa hardness: 46 VEKA softening point: 79 C embrittlement temperature: -70 C
Manufacturer: Japan Offshore Oil Resources Development Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /CA4918/ Cabot of the U.S.
Use: electronic appliances
Characteristic notes: electrical conductivity
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 3.5 g/10min density: 1.06 g/cm3 tensile strength: 11.5 MPa breaking elongation: 22%
Manufacturer: Cabot Corporation of the United States
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE polymer /MBW2422/ Singapore #)
Use: film grade
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 5 g/10min
Manufacturer: Singapore polymer Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /EF2222/ Brazil Braskem
Use: film grade
Characteristic note: low density and low speed solidification crystal point can be Machinable
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2.2 g/10min notch impact strength: 70 tensile strength: 30 MPa fracture elongation: 420% flexural modulus: 170 MPa
Manufacturer: Brazil chemical company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /LD5010FC/ Brazil Braskem
Use: other
Characteristic notes: low speed solidified crystal point general no additive
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 1.2 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3 tensile strength: 11 MPa breaking elongation: 800% VEKA softening point: 90 C
Manufacturer: Brazil chemical company
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /175S/ Toyo #)
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: characteristics: good optics and good processability, admixture of antistatic agent
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.6 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3
Manufacturer: Dongyang Textile Co., Ltd., Japan
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high pressure polyethylene) /NUC8118/