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注塑工藝各工序的溫度控制

1.料筒溫度：

熔料溫度是很重要的，所用的射料缸溫度只是指導(dǎo)性。熔膠溫度可在射嘴處量度或使用空氣噴射法來(lái)量度。射料缸的溫度設(shè)定取決于熔膠溫度、螺桿轉(zhuǎn)速、背壓、射料量和注塑件周期。您如果沒(méi)有加工某一特定級(jí)別塑料的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，請(qǐng)從最低的設(shè)定開(kāi)始。

為了便于控制，射料缸分了區(qū)，但不是所有都設(shè)定為相同溫度。如果運(yùn)作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)或在高溫下操作，請(qǐng)將第一區(qū)的溫度設(shè)定為較低的數(shù)值，這將防止塑料過(guò)早熔化和分流。注塑件開(kāi)始前，確保液壓油、料斗封閉器、模具和射料缸都處于正確溫度下。

2.熔料溫度：

熔體溫度對(duì)熔體的流動(dòng)性能起主要作用，由于塑膠沒(méi)有具體的熔點(diǎn)，所謂熔點(diǎn)是一個(gè)熔融狀態(tài)下的溫度段，塑膠分子鏈的結(jié)構(gòu)與組成不同，因而對(duì)其流動(dòng)性的影響也不同，剛性分子鏈?zhǔn)軠囟扔绊戄^明顯，如PC、PPS等，而柔性分子鏈如：PA、PP、PE等流動(dòng)性通過(guò)改變溫度并不明顯，所以應(yīng)根據(jù)不同的材料來(lái)調(diào)校合理的注塑件溫度。

3.模具溫度：

有些塑膠料由于結(jié)晶化溫度高，結(jié)晶速度慢，需要較高模溫，有些由于控制尺寸和變形，或者脫模的需要，要較高的溫度或較低溫度，如PC一般要求60度以上，而PPS為了達(dá)到較好的外觀和改善流動(dòng)性，模溫有時(shí)需要160度以上，因而模具溫度對(duì)改善產(chǎn)品的外觀、變形、尺寸，膠模方面有不可抵估的作用。

4.注射壓力：

熔體克服前進(jìn)所需的阻力，直接影響產(chǎn)品的尺寸，重量和變形等，不同的塑膠產(chǎn)品所需注射壓力不同，對(duì)于像PA、PP等材料，增加壓力會(huì)使其流動(dòng)性顯著改善，注射壓力大小決定產(chǎn)品的密度，即外觀光澤性。它沒(méi)有固定的數(shù)值，而模具填充越困難，注塑件壓力也增大。

部分型號(hào)部分物性表

LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /MB9205/LG chemical #)
Use: other
Feature remark: characteristics: good fluidity and softness and good surface touch.
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 24 g/10min density: 0.916 g/cm3, tensile strength: 10 MPa, elongation at break: 500% VEKA softening point: 81 C embrittlement temperature: -60 C.
Manufacturer: Korea LG chemical company
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /MB7700/LG chemical #)
Use: other
Characteristic notes: characteristics: high impact resistance and low temperature characteristics, low distortion.
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 7 g/10min density: 0.919 g/cm3 tensile strength: 13 MPa breaking elongation: 520% VEKA softening point: 85 C embrittlement temperature: -78 C
Manufacturer: Korea LG chemical company
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /LB5000/LG chemical #)
Use: other
Characteristic feature: high speed machining, and then breaking resistance
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 5 g/10min density: 0.918 g/cm3 tensile strength: 12 MPa breaking elongation: 500% VEKA softening point: 85 C embrittlement temperature: -76 C
Manufacturer: Korea LG chemical company
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /FB6000/LG chemical #)
Purpose: film grade
Characteristic notes: characteristics: transparency and good processability
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 6 g/10min density: 0.918 g/cm3, notched impact strength: 110 tensile strength: 10 MPa, elongation at break: 420% VEKA softening point: 88 C embrittlement temperature: -76 C.
Manufacturer: Korea LG chemical company
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /FB0730/LG chemical #)
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: characteristics: tension, fall resistance, good transparency
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.5 g/10min density: 0.922 g/cm3, notched impact strength: 240 tensile strength: 19 MPa, elongation at break: 600% VEKA softening point: 98 C embrittlement temperature: -76 C.
Manufacturer: Korea LG chemical company
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE # /C600V6/ Ube)
Use: other
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.1 g/10min density: 0.935 g/cm3
Manufacturer: Japan Ube
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /L400/ Shanghai petrochemical
Use: other
Characteristic notes: polymer type: homopolymer method: blow molding
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 4 g/10min density: 0.926 g/cm3
Manufacturer: Sinopec, Shanghai petrochemical Limited by Share Ltd
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /L401/ Shanghai petrochemical
Use: other
Characteristic notes: polymer type: homopolymer method: blow molding
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 4 g/10min density: 0.926 g/cm3
Manufacturer: Sinopec, Shanghai petrochemical Limited by Share Ltd
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) /FT3280/ Borealis
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: high toughness and optical properties. Not containing additives
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.3 g/10min density: 0.928 g/cm3 tensile strength: 25 MPa breaking elongation: 550% VEKA softening point: 106 C
Manufacturer: Nordic Chemical Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /F811/ Taiwan poly
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: smooth, colourability, high non mass thin wall membrane
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 8 g/10min density: 0.923 g/cm3 notch impact strength: 50 hardness: 51 VEKA softening point: 93 C embrittlement temperature: -70 C
Manufacturer: Asian aggregated Limited by Share Ltd
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /1922T/ SABIC of Saudi Arabia
Use: other
Characteristic notes: good fluidity and mechanical properties. Product trademark: SABIC
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 75 g/10min density: 0.919 g/cm3, notched impact strength: 42 tensile strength: 7 MPa, elongation at break: 400% hardness: 45 VEKA softening point: 82 DEG heat deforming temperature: 39 C.
Manufacturer: Saudi Basic Industry Company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /1965T/ SABIC of Saudi Arabia
Use: other
Characteristic notes: good fluidity and mechanical properties. Product trademark: SABIC
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 65 g/10min density: 0.919 g/cm3, notched impact strength: 40 tensile strength: 7 MPa, elongation at break: 150% hardness: 45 VEKA softening point: 75 DEG heat deforming temperature: 40 C.
Manufacturer: Saudi Basic Industry Company
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /XJF143/ Australia Qenos #)
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: no additives are included
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2.5 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 17 MPa breaking elongation: 810%
Manufacturer: Qenos, Australia
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /XLF197/ Australia Qenos #)
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: no additives are included
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 5.5 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3 tensile strength: 13 MPa breaking elongation: 630%
Manufacturer: Qenos, Australia
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /LD4203/ Australia Qenos #)
Use: other
Characteristic notes: high definition, high gloss, high rotation difference, high strength
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2 g/10min density: 0.924 g/cm3 tensile strength: 21 MPa
Manufacturer: Qenos, Australia
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /NA980000/ quantum chemistry
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: good foam stability, melt strength
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.25 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3, tensile strength: 17.9 MPa, elongation at break: 700% hardness: 45 VEKA softening point: 93 C embrittlement temperature: -75 C.
Manufacturer: American quantum chemical company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene)