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注塑工藝各工序的溫度控制

1.料筒溫度：

熔料溫度是很重要的，所用的射料缸溫度只是指導(dǎo)性。熔膠溫度可在射嘴處量度或使用空氣噴射法來量度。射料缸的溫度設(shè)定取決于熔膠溫度、螺桿轉(zhuǎn)速、背壓、射料量和注塑件周期。您如果沒有加工某一特定級(jí)別塑料的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，請(qǐng)從最低的設(shè)定開始。

為了便于控制，射料缸分了區(qū)，但不是所有都設(shè)定為相同溫度。如果運(yùn)作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)或在高溫下操作，請(qǐng)將第一區(qū)的溫度設(shè)定為較低的數(shù)值，這將防止塑料過早熔化和分流。注塑件開始前，確保液壓油、料斗封閉器、模具和射料缸都處于正確溫度下。

2.熔料溫度：

熔體溫度對(duì)熔體的流動(dòng)性能起主要作用，由于塑膠沒有具體的熔點(diǎn)，所謂熔點(diǎn)是一個(gè)熔融狀態(tài)下的溫度段，塑膠分子鏈的結(jié)構(gòu)與組成不同，因而對(duì)其流動(dòng)性的影響也不同，剛性分子鏈?zhǔn)軠囟扔绊戄^明顯，如PC、PPS等，而柔性分子鏈如：PA、PP、PE等流動(dòng)性通過改變溫度并不明顯，所以應(yīng)根據(jù)不同的材料來調(diào)校合理的注塑件溫度。

3.模具溫度：

有些塑膠料由于結(jié)晶化溫度高，結(jié)晶速度慢，需要較高模溫，有些由于控制尺寸和變形，或者脫模的需要，要較高的溫度或較低溫度，如PC一般要求60度以上，而PPS為了達(dá)到較好的外觀和改善流動(dòng)性，模溫有時(shí)需要160度以上，因而模具溫度對(duì)改善產(chǎn)品的外觀、變形、尺寸，膠模方面有不可抵估的作用。

4.注射壓力：

熔體克服前進(jìn)所需的阻力，直接影響產(chǎn)品的尺寸，重量和變形等，不同的塑膠產(chǎn)品所需注射壓力不同，對(duì)于像PA、PP等材料，增加壓力會(huì)使其流動(dòng)性顯著改善，注射壓力大小決定產(chǎn)品的密度，即外觀光澤性。它沒有固定的數(shù)值，而模具填充越困難，注塑件壓力也增大。

部分型號(hào)部分物性表

LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /F410-8/ Singapore polyolefin
Purpose: film grade
Feature notes: transparency
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 5 g/10min density: 0.923 g/cm3 tensile strength: 13 MPa breaking elongation: 550%
Manufacturer: Singapore polyolefin Private Companies
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /N210/ Shanghai petrochemical
Purpose: film grade
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2.2 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 15.9 MPa
Manufacturer: Sinopec, Shanghai petrochemical Limited by Share Ltd
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) /LD-61/ Korea Dalin
Purpose: film grade
Characteristic notes: characteristics: NECK-IN, excellent adhesion, tasteless, high speed processing quality.
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 5.5 g/10min density: 0.919 g/cm3
Manufacturer: Dalin, Korea
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /1520SX/ Holland DSM
Purpose: film grade
Characteristic feature: free smooth agent, anti adhesive, minimum film thickness of 20 microns, for general use.
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2 g/10min density: 0.922 g/cm3
Manufacturer: Holland DSM company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /2420D/ Maoming petrochemical
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: good toughness, good opening and good aging resistance.
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.3 g/10min density: 0.923 g/cm3, notched impact strength: 250 tensile strength: 20 MPa, elongation at break: 600% VEKA softening point: 97 degrees.
Manufacturer: Sinopec group Maoming Petrochemical Company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /NA942094/ quantum chemistry
Use: film grade
Feature notes: good impact performance and puncture resistance.
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.18 g/10min density: 0.918 g/cm3 tensile strength: 20.7 MPa fracture elongation: 750% hardness: 42 embrittlement temperature: -75 C
Manufacturer: American quantum chemical company
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) /LE-0220-A/ Canada NOVA
Use: other
Characteristic notes: easy to process, high melt strength
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2.5 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3
Manufacturer: NOVA chemical, Canada
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE # /LD 135.09/ Mobil Exxon)
Purpose: film grade
Feature notes: good clarity
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 3 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 21.3 MPa breaking elongation: 640%
Manufacturer: Exxon Mobil Corp
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE # /LD-103/ Mobil Exxon)
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: excellent toughness, excellent impact strength and melt strength
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 1 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 18 MPa breaking elongation: 600%
Manufacturer: Exxon Mobil Corp
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE # /2410FK/ Leander Basil)
Use: film grade
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.75 g/10min density: 0.924 g/cm3 tensile strength: 11 MPa hardness: 48 VEKA softening point: 94 C
Manufacturer: Liane Basel Industrial Corporation
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) Chevron /4553/ Phillips
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: high speed extrusion, low friction coefficient
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 4.1 g/10min density: 0.924 g/cm3 VEKA softening point: 99 C
Manufacturer: Chevron Phillips chemical company (USA)
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) Chevron /4571/ Phillips
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: high speed extrusion, low friction coefficient
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 4.1 g/10min density: 0.924 g/cm3 VEKA softening point: 99 C
Manufacturer: Chevron Phillips chemical company (USA)
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /EF602/ West Lake
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: good tensile properties, rigidity and thermal sealing
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.6 g/10min density: 0.919 g/cm3 tensile strength: 10 MPa breaking elongation: 680%
Manufacturer: West Lake Chemical Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /EF606/ West Lake
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: good processing performance, impact strength and thermal seal
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2.2 g/10min density: 0.919 g/cm3 tensile strength: 17 MPa breaking elongation: 600%
Manufacturer: West Lake Chemical Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /1925F/ West Lake
Use: other
Feature notes: good print suitability, acceptable food contact, medium clear, medium skid
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2.5 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 26 MPa breaking elongation: 250% VEKA softening point: 94 C
Manufacturer: West Lake Chemical Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /EC 475/ #) the United States of West Lake
Use: other
Characteristic notes: good adhesion, excellent heat resistance seal, good moistureproof
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 7 g/10min density: 0.917 g/cm3 tensile strength: 9.65 MPa breaking elongation: 400% VEKA softening point: 88 C
Manufacturer: West Lake Chemical Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /E6838-796F/ West Lake
Use: other
Characteristic notes: one time
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2.5 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 26.2 MPa breaking elongation: 250% VEKA softening point: 93.9 C
Manufacturer: West Lake Chemical Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /B20/0.3/ Romania rompetrol
Use: film grade
Important reference