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注塑工藝各工序的溫度控制

1.料筒溫度：

熔料溫度是很重要的，所用的射料缸溫度只是指導(dǎo)性。熔膠溫度可在射嘴處量度或使用空氣噴射法來(lái)量度。射料缸的溫度設(shè)定取決于熔膠溫度、螺桿轉(zhuǎn)速、背壓、射料量和注塑件周期。您如果沒(méi)有加工某一特定級(jí)別塑料的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，請(qǐng)從最低的設(shè)定開(kāi)始。

為了便于控制，射料缸分了區(qū)，但不是所有都設(shè)定為相同溫度。如果運(yùn)作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)或在高溫下操作，請(qǐng)將第一區(qū)的溫度設(shè)定為較低的數(shù)值，這將防止塑料過(guò)早熔化和分流。注塑件開(kāi)始前，確保液壓油、料斗封閉器、模具和射料缸都處于正確溫度下。

2.熔料溫度：

熔體溫度對(duì)熔體的流動(dòng)性能起主要作用，由于塑膠沒(méi)有具體的熔點(diǎn)，所謂熔點(diǎn)是一個(gè)熔融狀態(tài)下的溫度段，塑膠分子鏈的結(jié)構(gòu)與組成不同，因而對(duì)其流動(dòng)性的影響也不同，剛性分子鏈?zhǔn)軠囟扔绊戄^明顯，如PC、PPS等，而柔性分子鏈如：PA、PP、PE等流動(dòng)性通過(guò)改變溫度并不明顯，所以應(yīng)根據(jù)不同的材料來(lái)調(diào)校合理的注塑件溫度。

3.模具溫度：

有些塑膠料由于結(jié)晶化溫度高，結(jié)晶速度慢，需要較高模溫，有些由于控制尺寸和變形，或者脫模的需要，要較高的溫度或較低溫度，如PC一般要求60度以上，而PPS為了達(dá)到較好的外觀和改善流動(dòng)性，模溫有時(shí)需要160度以上，因而模具溫度對(duì)改善產(chǎn)品的外觀、變形、尺寸，膠模方面有不可抵估的作用。

4.注射壓力：

熔體克服前進(jìn)所需的阻力，直接影響產(chǎn)品的尺寸，重量和變形等，不同的塑膠產(chǎn)品所需注射壓力不同，對(duì)于像PA、PP等材料，增加壓力會(huì)使其流動(dòng)性顯著改善，注射壓力大小決定產(chǎn)品的密度，即外觀光澤性。它沒(méi)有固定的數(shù)值，而模具填充越困難，注塑件壓力也增大。

部分型號(hào)部分物性表

LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /1070 MG 24/ #) France akema
Use: other
Characteristic notes: good surface appearance, high gloss
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 9.2 g/10min density: 0.924 g/cm3 water absorption: 0.01% oxygen index: 18%, tensile strength: 12 MPa, elongation at break: 50% VEKA softening point: 94 degrees.
Manufacturer: Arkema
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) /NUC-8013/ Japan Younika
Use: film grade
Note: smooth characteristics: L
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.35 g/10min density: 0.925 g/cm3 tensile strength: 22 MPa breaking elongation: 600% hardness: 240 VEKA softening point: 93 C
Manufacturer: onica Corporation, Japan
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) /760/ MPI
Use: other
Note: the characteristics of compliance good stripping good heat sealing in low shrinking food contact
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 5.7 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 10.3 MPa breaking elongation: 480%
Manufacturer: MPI company, USA
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /SSS 1018/ TPI in Thailand
Use: other
Feature notes: FDA 21 CFR 177.1520
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 45 g/10min density: 0.922 g/cm3 tensile strength: 7.5 MPa breaking elongation: 230% hardness: 48 VEKA softening point: 78 C
Manufacturer: Thailand TPI Polene Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /LF0250/KJ/ Iran petrochemical
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: good elastic extrusion and superior mechanical properties
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2.5 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 11 MPa breaking elongation: 500%
Manufacturer: Iran national Petrochemical Industries Co
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /LT0470/KJ/ Iran petrochemical
Purpose: film grade
Characteristic notes: good elastic extrusion and superior mechanical properties
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 4.7 g/10min density: 0.924 g/cm3 tensile strength: 12 MPa breaking elongation: 500%
Manufacturer: Iran national Petrochemical Industries Co
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /B21/0.5/ Romania rompetrol
Use: film grade
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.5 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 13 MPa breaking elongation: 350% VEKA softening point: 90 C
Manufacturer: rompetrol Petrochemical Industries Co, Romania
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /B22/0.7/ Romania rompetrol
Purpose: film grade
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.7 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 13 MPa breaking elongation: 350% VEKA softening point: 90 C
Manufacturer: rompetrol Petrochemical Industries Co, Romania
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /B22/0.25/ Romania rompetrol
Purpose: film grade
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.25 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3
Manufacturer: rompetrol Petrochemical Industries Co, Romania
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /UB-2141/03/ Brazil Quattor
Use: other
Characteristic notes: acceptable, good processing, slippage of food contact
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 4.1 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 25 MPa breaking elongation: 680% VEKA softening point: 89 C
Manufacturer: Quattor Petrochemical Industries Co, Brazil
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE polymer /MBW3282/AO/ Singapore #)
Purpose: film grade
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 1 g/10min density: 1.73 g/cm3
Manufacturer: Singapore polymer Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /LD10919/ India Chemical Resources
Use: other
Characteristic notes: compliance of food contact
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 10 g/10min density: 0.919 g/cm3 tensile strength: 8.96 MPa breaking elongation: 16% flexural modulus: 228 MPa
Manufacturer: Chemical Resources, India
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /LD15920/ India Chemical Resources
Use: other
Characteristic notes: compliance of food contact
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 15 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3 tensile strength: 10.3 MPa breaking elongation: 14.9% flexural modulus: 228 MPa
Manufacturer: Chemical Resources, India
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /LD24921/ India Chemical Resources
Use: other
Characteristic notes: compliance of food contact
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 24 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 tensile strength: 8.96 MPa breaking elongation: 14% flexural modulus: 234 MPa
Manufacturer: Chemical Resources, India
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) /LD225AA/ M.Holland
Use: other
Characteristic notes: good toughness
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3 tensile strength: 24.8 MPa breaking elongation: 300%
Manufacturer: M.Holland company, USA
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) /LD225MM/ M.Holland
Use: other
Characteristic notes: good toughness
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3 tensile strength: 22.8 MPa breaking elongation: 300%
Manufacturer: M.Holland company, USA
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) /WPP531/ Southern
Use: other
Feature notes: Institutional rating: FDA 21 CFR 177.1520
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 7 g/10min density: 0.917 g/cm3 fracture elongation: 600% flexural modulus: 207 MPa hardness: 47 embrittlement temperature: -87.2 C
Manufacturer: Southern Polymer, USA
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) /WPP551/ Southern
Use: other
Feature notes: Institutional rating: FDA 21 CFR 177.1520
Important parameters: