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注塑工藝各工序的溫度控制

1.料筒溫度：

熔料溫度是很重要的，所用的射料缸溫度只是指導(dǎo)性。熔膠溫度可在射嘴處量度或使用空氣噴射法來(lái)量度。射料缸的溫度設(shè)定取決于熔膠溫度、螺桿轉(zhuǎn)速、背壓、射料量和注塑件周期。您如果沒(méi)有加工某一特定級(jí)別塑料的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，請(qǐng)從最低的設(shè)定開(kāi)始。

為了便于控制，射料缸分了區(qū)，但不是所有都設(shè)定為相同溫度。如果運(yùn)作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)或在高溫下操作，請(qǐng)將第一區(qū)的溫度設(shè)定為較低的數(shù)值，這將防止塑料過(guò)早熔化和分流。注塑件開(kāi)始前，確保液壓油、料斗封閉器、模具和射料缸都處于正確溫度下。

2.熔料溫度：

熔體溫度對(duì)熔體的流動(dòng)性能起主要作用，由于塑膠沒(méi)有具體的熔點(diǎn)，所謂熔點(diǎn)是一個(gè)熔融狀態(tài)下的溫度段，塑膠分子鏈的結(jié)構(gòu)與組成不同，因而對(duì)其流動(dòng)性的影響也不同，剛性分子鏈?zhǔn)軠囟扔绊戄^明顯，如PC、PPS等，而柔性分子鏈如：PA、PP、PE等流動(dòng)性通過(guò)改變溫度并不明顯，所以應(yīng)根據(jù)不同的材料來(lái)調(diào)校合理的注塑件溫度。

3.模具溫度：

有些塑膠料由于結(jié)晶化溫度高，結(jié)晶速度慢，需要較高模溫，有些由于控制尺寸和變形，或者脫模的需要，要較高的溫度或較低溫度，如PC一般要求60度以上，而PPS為了達(dá)到較好的外觀和改善流動(dòng)性，模溫有時(shí)需要160度以上，因而模具溫度對(duì)改善產(chǎn)品的外觀、變形、尺寸，膠模方面有不可抵估的作用。

4.注射壓力：

熔體克服前進(jìn)所需的阻力，直接影響產(chǎn)品的尺寸，重量和變形等，不同的塑膠產(chǎn)品所需注射壓力不同，對(duì)于像PA、PP等材料，增加壓力會(huì)使其流動(dòng)性顯著改善，注射壓力大小決定產(chǎn)品的密度，即外觀光澤性。它沒(méi)有固定的數(shù)值，而模具填充越困難，注塑件壓力也增大。

部分型號(hào)部分物性表

LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /LD163/ Yanshan petrochemical
Application: film grade - contraction membrane
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.3 g/10min density: 0.922 g/cm3
Manufacturer: Sinopec Beijing Yanhua Petrochemical Limited by Share Ltd
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /FM52/ Italy's #)
Use: film grade
Characteristic notes: good optical properties and stiffness
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 3.5 g/10min density: 0.933 g/cm3, tensile strength: 20 MPa, elongation at break: 600% VEKA softening point: 107 C embrittlement temperature: -75 C.
Manufacturer: Italy Eni
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE /FM53/ Italy's #)
Purpose: film grade
Characteristic notes: good optical properties and stiffness
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 3.5 g/10min density: 0.933 g/cm3, tensile strength: 20 MPa, elongation at break: 600% VEKA softening point: 107 C embrittlement temperature: -75 C.
Manufacturer: Italy Eni
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /ZH1200/ Shanghai petrochemical
Use: other
Characteristic notes: polymer type: homopolymerization: injection molding
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 12 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3 tensile strength: 8 MPa VEKA softening point: 75 C
Manufacturer: Sinopec, Shanghai petrochemical Limited by Share Ltd
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /ZH2000/ Shanghai petrochemical
Use: other
Characteristic notes: polymer type: homopolymerization: injection molding
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 20 g/10min density: 0.918 g/cm3 tensile strength: 9.8 MPa
Manufacturer: Sinopec, Shanghai petrochemical Limited by Share Ltd
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /ZH700/ Shanghai petrochemical
Use: other
Characteristic notes: polymer type: homopolymerization: injection molding
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 7 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3 tensile strength: 8 MPa VEKA softening point: 75 C
Manufacturer: Sinopec, Shanghai petrochemical Limited by Share Ltd
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /EG378/ West Lake
Application: film class film special material
Characteristic note: high pressure sterilization
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 4 g/10min density: 0.922 g/cm3 tensile strength: 24.1 MPa breaking elongation: 350%
Manufacturer: West Lake Chemical Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /TS8057/ Brazil Triunfo
Use: other
Characteristic notes: food contact is acceptable, good processing, thermal stability is good
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.9 g/10min density: 0.92 g/cm3 tensile strength: 31 MPa breaking elongation: 870%
Manufacturer: Brazil Triunfo company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /TS7045/ Brazil Triunfo
Use: other
Feature notes: acceptable food contact, good processing, good thermal stability, low friction
Important parameters: density: 0.924 g/cm3 tensile strength: 10 MPa fracture elongation: 540%
Manufacturer: Brazil Triunfo company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /F182PB/ Qilu Petrochemical
Use: other
Characteristic note: with good processing performance, good fluffiness and so on
Important parameters:
Manufacturer: Sinopec Qilu Limited by Share Ltd
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) /FA3221/ Borealis
Use: other
Characteristic notes: additives: antioxidant properties: antioxidant properties; recyclable materials
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.3 g/10min density: 0.922 g/cm3 tensile strength: 23 MPa breaking elongation: 400%
Manufacturer: Nordic Chemical Co., Ltd.
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE # /NA217000/ Leander Basil)
Use: other
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 5.6 g/10min density: 0.923 g/cm3, tensile strength: 12.4 MPa, elongation at break: 550% bending modulus: 276 MPa hardness: 53 VEKA softening point: 92 degrees.
Manufacturer: Liane Basel Industrial Corporation
LDPE (low density polyethylene LDPE #) /SPB208/ Braskem
Use: other
Characteristic notes: low viscosity, good machinability, good flexibility
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 22 g/10min density: 0.923 g/cm3, tensile strength: 6 MPa, elongation at break: 140% bending modulus: 700 MPa hardness: 42 VEKA softening point: 87 degrees.
Manufacturer: Braskem company, USA
LDPE (low density polyethylene # high-pressure polyethylene) /ESD A 700 A/ RTP
Use: other
Characteristic note: static conduction
Important parameters: density: 1 g/cm3 molding shrinkage: 2.15% tensile strength: 8.27 MPa bending strength: 9.65 MPa flexural modulus: 345 MPa
Manufacturer: RTP company, USA
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /5322/ Korea China
Use: other
Characteristic notes: smoothness, antioxidation, foaming, good processability, good strength
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 3.6 g/10min density: 0.921 g/cm3 fracture elongation: 600% hardness: 48 VEKA softening point: 88 C embrittlement temperature: -76 C
Manufacturer: Korea Hwa comprehensive chemical company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /029/UV BLACK/ Fainplast in Italy
Use: other
Characteristic notes: carbon black (3%)
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 0.25 g/10min density: 0.932 g/cm3 tensile strength: 16 MPa breaking elongation: 400% hardness: 46
Manufacturer: Italy Fainplast company
LDPE (low density polyethylene # LDPE) /JZ430S/ Japan Marine
Use: film grade
Feature notes: low density, general purpose
Important parameters: melt flow rate: 2 g/10min density: 0.925 g/cm3, tensile strength: 14 MPa, elongation at break: 600% flexural strength: 200 MPa hardness: 54 VEKA softening point: 100 C embrittlement temperature: -70 C
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